The average temperature at the surface of the Earth has increased by 0.6°C in one century. In the last 60 years in Alaska and western Canada, the winter temperatures have increasd by 3° to 4°C, and close to 5°C in summer. In 2004, 28°C was reached on the south-east coast of Greenland, a temperature record never previously recorded.  

The Greenland cap and the Spitzberg glaciers are diminishing at great speed and contribute to a rise in sea level.
The premature seasonal disappearance of snow and the late snowfalls expose the ground to more sunlight and accelerate the melting of the permafrost.

  Previously frozen all year round, immense swampy stretches are appearing in the tundra, producing large quantities of methane, which increases the greenhouse effect.
  In 50 years the ice pack has lost 40% of its thickness and its surface is reducing every year. In the summer of 2005, oceanographic vessels reached the record latitude of 87°N without being halted by the ice pack. At this rate, the ice pack will disappear in summer around 2050.